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Intelligent beekeeping system
Hrubý, Jan ; Zeman, Václav (referee) ; Kiac, Martin (advisor)
The aim of this thesis is to design and develop an intelligent beekeeping system that can measure the frequency in the colony, the weight of the hive to monitor the loss or to inform the beekeeper if the bees are carrying honey. Furthermore, the security of the hive against theft is also being considered. Communication between multiple intelligent beekeeping systems is important for the functionality. This is why part of the work focuses on choosing the best possible communication, taking into consideration battery consumption and reliability. In this work, a many-to-one communication system of modules is used, which means that the number of hives can be freely expanded without affecting the functionality of the system. The resulting system is powered by a combination of battery and solar panels.
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Simulation and Management System for Beekeepers
Kaňovský, Zdeněk ; Kočí, Radek (referee) ; Peringer, Petr (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with analysis, design and implementation of the management and simulation system for beekeepers. The management system provides storing, updating and browsing the state of bee hives and is designed for the type of hives with removable frames. The simulation system contains the model of collecting nectar by honey bees and is addapted to management system. Depending on parameters of simulation model the application visualizes locations where would honey bees probably fly for the nectar and shows the amount of collected honey in one day.
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Methods of insect body and food marking and their utilization in bees (Anthophila)
Macháčková, Lenka
Marking methods represent often an essential part of many studies which target on insect biology. These marking techniques sometimes represent the only possible way to obtain new and important informations. In the first part of the thesis I deal with individual insect labeling, which was used for marking of solitary bees and their nests as a tool of obtaining informations about nesting bee dynamics in aggregation. Our study show that nest owner replacements are very common in all four species. However, a large percentage of the nests were abandoned by the female owners before owner change. Only a part of all the nests were trully usurped on the nesting site. The true usurpations thus represent rather minor part of observed nest owner replacement situations. The bees surprisingly often abandon their nests and found the new ones. The frequent contacts of the females on a nesting site occur as a result of common nest owner replacements. High tolerance of bees to each other together with tolerance of usurpations and low level of aggression may thus represent one of the possible ways towards communality and other types of social behaviour. In the second part of the thesis I focus on the possibilities of food marking in bees. Effectivity of sugar and pollen utilization are not yet fully understood in...
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Současné poznání v chovu matek a postupy vhodné k precizaci
Horáková, Natálie
The bachelor thesis deals with the breeding of queens, which means not only their own breeding, but also their insemination, adding and exchange. The aim of the bachelor thesis was to describe the current knowledge in queen breeding. The method of preparation of the bachelor thesis is a literature search of available literature sources on the subject. The thesis describes the practices of queen rearing, divided into natural and controlled rearing. The individual chapters deal with the following topics: bee breeding and developmental stages of the bee, the queen, her development and reproductive tract, drones, their rearing and cryopreservation of semen. The discussion and conclusion summarised all the knowledge gained and mentioned unfinished procedures in certain parts of queen rearing.
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Evolution of sociality and parental care in bees of the genus Ceratina
Mikát, Michael ; Straka, Jakub (advisor) ; Schwarz, Michael (referee) ; Bogusch, Petr (referee)
Small carpenter bees (genus Ceratina) are an excellent model taxon for the study of evolution of parental care and origin of eusociality. Prolonged offspring care is typical for this bee genus. Females usually guard their offspring until adulthood and later feed their adult offspring pollen and nectar. Moreover, most of studied species are facultatively eusocial, a trait probably inherited from the common ancestor of the genus. Although Ceratina bees have generally very interesting behavior, detailed studies were performed in only a few species, usually from North America, Japan and Australia. Only anecdotal observations of natural history existed for a few European species, and detailed research has not been performed before my thesis. The goal of my thesis is to explore the natural history of European species of Ceratina and to identify possible costs and benefits of this species' behavioral traits. I focused on following these behavioral traits: social nesting, guarding of offspring until adulthood, and feeding of mature offspring. Through my master project, I discovered biparental care in species C. nigrolabiata, therefore the most important goal of my Ph.D. project is the evaluation of costs and benefits of this behavior. Guarding of offspring by mother significantly influences their survival,...
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The Effect of Presence and Abundance of Parasites (Nomada, Stylops) on the Host Species Population (Hymenoptera: Andrena) at the Level of Entire Communities
Bureš, Vít ; Straka, Jakub (advisor) ; Libra, Martin (referee)
Bees (Anthophila) play a crucial role as pollinators, vital for maintaining biodiversity in ecosystems. However, the decline in pollinator populations in recent years raises concerns about ecosystem stability. This study investigates the impact of parasitism on host bee populations of the genus Andrena as a potential factor influencing the decline of insects. Additionally, it examines populations of parasites of the genera Stylops and Nomada as indicators of host population status. Bees of the genus Andrena are abundant in the western Palearctic and are commonly parasited by Stylops and Nomada. Leveraging a large dataset from Europe, this study uses abundance data to explore the influence of abiotic and biotic factors on the parasitization rates of host Andrena bees. Specifically, the effects of abiotic factors such as altitude, habitat type, annual rainfall, and average temperature on the parasitization rates by both parasite types has not been confirmed. The results indicate that within small geographical units (sites), larger populations of host Andrena bees are more heavily parasitized by Stylops compared to smaller populations, while this trend does not hold true for Nomada. Interestingly, this study reveals that Stylops and Nomada coexist within the same host populations without competing for...
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The Competition Among Pollinators and the Impact of Managed Bees on Wild Pollinator Populations
Voldřichová, Alžběta ; Straka, Jakub (advisor) ; Štenc, Jakub (referee)
Pollinators play an important role in ecosystems. Their ties to plants are essential for the reproduction of many plant species and thus for the protection of species diversity. Pollinator species therefore need to be protected. But to protect them effectively, it is necessary to understand the relationships between pollinators. However, the interaction between pollinators is a complex topic that needs further research. One of the current threats to pollinator populations is commercial pollinator rearing. Commercially reared species, especially Apis mellifera and Bombus terrestris, have been introduced almost all over the planet due to their positive effects on crop yields and its by-products. Moreover, in their native ranges they are bred in much higher concentrations than would be possible without human intervention. But high concentrations of commercial pollinators do affect populations of wild ones. This thesis describes forms of pollinator competition and addresses the impact of commercially reared pollinators on wild pollinator populations. KEY WORDS: Honeybee - Bumblebee - Hoverfly - Nest usurpation - Pathogen transfer - Species protection - Invasive species
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Ecological and Evolutionary Processes Driving the Structure of Plant-Pollinator Networks
Hadrava, Jiří
Associations between flowers and pollinators are responsible for reproduction of majority of plant species as well as food supply for substantial part of animal diversity on the Earth. Until recently, the studies on plant-pollinator relationship were focused predominantly on pollination of particular plant species, with only little or no accent on community perspective. In recent decades, however, pollination ecology shifted its focus rather to community context by introducing so called pollination networks. This approach allows us to view the ubiquity and complexity of the interactions between plants and their pollinators and it opened up many new opportunities to study the pollination from animal perspective or to access spatio-temporal variability in the interactions. However, we still have only limited insight into the processes driving the structure and dynamics of such networks. The assembly of plants, pollinators and their interactions are driven by various ecological as well as evolutionary processes. From the ecological point of view, species co-occurrence in time and space may affect the interactions, or species flexibility for various community contexts providing different food sources may play role. In the evolutionary perspective, species may have various co-adaptations due to their...
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